Agriculture is their main occupation. Social Infrastructure 9. Some repay family debts, while others invest in agricultural land and urban real estate. Fourth, another beneficial effect of this is that emigrants remit large sums of money back home. A negative growth rate (less than 0) would mean a population size gets smaller, reducing the number of people inhabiting that country. It was founded in 1972 to educate the American public and political leaders about the devastating effects of overpopulation on our environment, resources and standard of living. The government of countries with low capacity and cropping area finds difficulty in fulfilling these demands. As these economic gains from having many children are uncertain, therefore a large number of children in the population entails a heavy burden on the economy, because these children simply consume and do not add to the national product. This article throws light upon the twelve main consequences of population growth. Economic development depends upon investment. So with population growth the land-man ratio is disturbed. But the high growth rate of population has had an adverse effect n the development of education. Sociology, Demography, Population Growth, Consequences, Consequences of Population Growth, © 2017 SociologyDiscussion - All rights reserved Terms of Service Privacy Policy Contact Us. Reduction in exports and increase in imports lead to deterioration in the balance of payments position of the country. in science class today. The result is that a larger percentage of the total population is in the lower age-group of 1-15 years. UDCs have a backlog of unemployment which keeps on growing with a rapidly increasing population. As the number of landless workers increases, their wages fall. To provide these social infrastructure requires huge investments. Yes! This is particularly the case where the majority of people are dependent on agriculture for their livelihood. Consequently, their costs and prices rise which raise the cost of living of the masses. As a result, unemployment and under-employment increase. These negative effects lead to subsequent problems such as clashes and fighting for dwindling resources, poor sanitation, and drug abuse. By 2020, one in four will be elderly (twice the total present population of the United States) - a rare burden for a low income country. Rapid population growth tends to overuse the country’s natural resources. The labour force in an economy is the ratio of working population to total population. There are, however, positive and negative effects of economic growth and one of the negatives is the damage growth does to the environment. In each round, you will divide into two lines facing away from one another on opposite sides of the gym. When the level of overpopulation is reached, a number of negative effects can occur and a number of startling correlations are being discovered. The effect of population growth on per capita income is unfavourable. Zero population growth is very similar to what happened with the deer in our earlier example. With rapidly growing population, it becomes difficult to manage the adjustments that accompany economic and social change. Further, a rapidly growing population by lowering incomes, savings and investment compels the people to use a low level technology which further retards capital formation. Environment Rapid Population Growth Leads to Environmental Damage 12. Due to the scarcity of resources, it is not possible to provide educational, health, medical, transport and housing facilities to the entire population. People are required to feed more children with the same income. A COVID-19 Prophecy: Did Nostradamus Have a Prediction About This Apocalyptic Year? It helps in the complete development of man. If Switzerland has a negative growth, then it is getting smaller. The money they remit is insignificant as compared with the above two types of losses. If not checked, the growth could lead to depletion of resources, and a lack of cultivatable land, leading to starvation. Thus capital formation is retarded and job opportunities are reduced, thereby increasing unemployment. The growth of population is relatively very high in rural areas and it has disturbed the land man ratio. Thus low per capita productivity reduces the propensity to save and invest. Since it is not possible to increase capital per worker (i.e., capital deepening) with growing labour force, each worker will produce less than before. A person's susceptibility to diseases like malaria and respiratory infections is aggravate… Rapid population growth also affects UDCs in relation to the world economy in a number of ways. The impact of economic growth on the environment is often negative. Some negative effects of population growth are insecurity, crime, unemployment, underdevelopment, inequitable sharing of resources, and increased pollution of the environment. Malnutrition and disease are concerns that must be addressed by regions that experience high population growth. The decline in population growth rate has exacerbated another problem familiar in the West: rapid ageing. Besides, rapid growth in the labour force increases both open unemployment and under-employment in urban and rural areas. But the developed countries place restrictions on immigration because labour from poor countries adversely affects the wages of native workers and also creates social and political tensions. These are the primary catalysts for ongoing rapid population growth. This may force the state to curtail the importation of capital goods which will adversely affect economic development of the country. It means that there are more children to support and few adults to earn thereby bringing down the per capita income. When Mr. Johnson yells ''Oh deer! Besides, rapid population growth leads to the migration of large numbers to urban areas with industrialization. 1. There is a very strong relationship between economic recessions and depressions and psychological problems, including increased suicide rates, worsening of mood disorders, and feelings of helplessness and hopelessness. There would be … A large percentage of children in the labour force is a heavy burden on the economy. But UDCs are great losers because of the ‘brain drain’ when professional and technical workers emigrate to other countries. Each deer will quickly try to match him or herself with another cla… Education is an important need for everyone. So with population growth the land-man ratio is disturbed. Examples include corrections when the rapid growth may actually supply a population that wouldn't have existed to contribute otherwise. A rapidly increasing population plunges the economy into mass unemployment and under-employment. It could reach 8 billion by 2025, 9 billion by 2040, and a whopping 11 billion by 2100. You are playing ''Oh deer!'' But they are also a form of investment if they work during childhood as is the case with the majority of families, and if they support parents in old age which is rare in the case of majority of children. World Economy. Investment 2. Another factor is the low expectancy of life in underdeveloped countries. In UDCs, people mostly live in rural areas. The consequences are: 1. Negative Effects Of Exponential Population Growth 1096 Words 5 Pages Throughout human history, the rate of population growth has been relatively slow but in the last 100 years, it has increased exponentially from 1.5 to 7.5 billion people. Why is population growth a problem in the United States? Overuse of Resources 3. But their supplies cannot be increased in the short run due to the lack of cooperant factors like raw materials, skilled labour, capital, etc. A rapidly increasing population leads to an increased demand for food products, clothes, houses, etc. Some negative effects of population growth are insecurity, crime, unemployment, underdevelopment, inequitable sharing of resources, and increased pollution of the environment. The current population of the Earth is over 7.6 billion people and growing. First, rapid population growth tends to increase income disparities between UDCs and developed countries because the per capita incomes decline with growth in numbers in the former. Further it has increased the problem of disguised unemployment and reduced per capita farm product in such economies, as the number of landless workers has largely increased followed by low rate of their wages. As the number of landless workers increases, their wages fall. The growth of population tends to retard the per capita income in three ways: (i) It increases the pressure of population on land; (ii) it leads to rise in costs of consumption goods because of the scarcity of the cooperant factors to increase their supplies; and. Pressure of population on land increases because the supply of land is inelastic. Pressure of population on land increases because the supply of land is inelastic. 5 The consequences of rapid population growth This chapter shows that rapid population growthat rates above 2 percent, common in most developing countries todayacts as a brake on development. (iii) it leads to a decline in the accumulation of capital because with increase in family members, expenses increase. Low population growth and an aging population pose potential problems to OECD countries. Economic Growth and Environmental Damage. These negative effects lead to subsequent problems such as clashes and fighting for dwindling resources, poor sanitation, and drug abuse. This leads to desertification over the long run when land stops yielding anything. It also implies that the labour force tends to increase with the increase in population. Most countries in the developing world are faced with the problem of uncontrolled population growth. What Does Negative Natural Population Growth Mean? It means that the addition to the lower age-group is larger than in the working age-group. In fact, rapid population growth leads to the overuse of land, thereby endangering the welfare of future generations. The U.S. has a positive population growth. Second, rapid population growth encourages international migration. According to reports, India's population hit 1 billion in May 2000, increasing the urgency for the country to moderate its population growth. Thus the effect of population growth is to lower the per capita income. As a result, the quality of these services goes down. Standard of Living 6. Assuming 50 years as the average life-expectancy in an under-developed country, the labour force is in effect the number of people in the age-group of 15-50 years. But Hirschman and Colin Clark opine that population pressures leading to lowering of standards will encourage the people of UDCs to work hard in order to improve their standard of living. On their return, some enterprising persons start new ventures and others expand family-owned commercial and manufacturing businesses. The population density of India in 1996 was about 287 persons per square kilometer. 4. With rapidly rising population, agricultural holdings become smaller and unremunerative to cultivate. Capital formation in agriculture suffers and the economy is bogged down to the subsistence level. 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